The Hill that Stood Still: Odisha’s Greatest Environmental Victory

A Documentary by Shri Ajit Samal and Prof. Jaya Prakash Pradhan

This compelling documentary chronicles one of India’s most successful environmental protection movements of the 1980s – the Gandhamardan Bachao Movement, also known as the BALCO Agitation. Set against the backdrop of Western Odisha’s Gandhamardan Hills, the film narrates the remarkable story of local resistance against bauxite mining that threatened the region’s ecological, cultural, and religious heritage.

Through meticulous research and storytelling, the documentary captures how diverse communities – from tribal groups to religious leaders – united under the leadership of social activist Shri Prasanna Kumar Sahu to protect their sacred hills. The movement, which ran from 1982 to 1989, stands out for its inclusive nature, sustained peaceful resistance, and ultimate success in preserving the biodiversity-rich Gandhamardan Hills.

The film highlights the movement’s unique characteristics, including:

• The unprecedented four-year road blockade by local communities
• The innovative ‘family replacement’ strategy that strengthened grassroots participation
• The crucial role of women and tribal communities in the movement
• The protection of over 1000 plant species, including 300 rare medicinal plants
• The preservation of ancient temples and water sources vital to local communities

More than just a historical account, this documentary serves as a powerful reminder of successful environmental activism and community mobilization in the face of corporate interests. It also raises pertinent questions about the ongoing challenges of balancing development with environmental conservation in contemporary India.